General Biology:
CAMPBELL Neil A , REECE Jane B. BIOLOGIA. Pearson.
or
SAVADA D, HELLER H C, HELLER CH , ORIANS G H , PURVES W K , HILLIS D M. . PRINCIPI DI BIOLOGIA. Zanichelli.
or
SOLOMON, BERG, MARTIN. BIOLOGIA. EDISES
or
BROOKER,, WIDMAIER, GRAHAM, STILING. BIOLOGIA GENERALE. McGraw-Hill
Zoology:
Cleveland P. Hickman, Jr., S. Roberts, S. L. Keen, D. J. Eisenhour, A. Larson, H. Lanson. DIVERSITA’ ANIMALE. McGraw-Hill
Learning Objectives
Knolewdge acquired:
Students will acquire solid basis of General Biology necessary for all the following Biology courses. They also will acquire knowledge on the main living invertebrates, their morphology and physiology, reproduction and life cycles and their adaptation to the environment. Guiding line of the course is the evolution and the understanding of the adaptation of animals to the environment leading to animal diversity.
Competence acquired:
Acquisition of a correct lexicon adequate do discuss Biology and Zoology issues; construction and interpretation of evolutionary trees in particular of animals; use of specialist tests for the study of Biology and Zoology; interpretation of quantitative data derived from experimental study on animal biology.
Skills acquired:
Capacity of autonomous study of Biology, Evolutionary and zoological issues; in depth study of specific issues treated in the course; classification of animals to the level of Order; contextualisation of the knowledge related to different animal taxa in their environment ; development of scientific hypotheses; interpretation of experimental data to verify hypotheses.
Prerequisites
Courses to be used as requirements (required and/or recommended):
None
Teaching Methods
Total hours of the course (including the time spent in attending lectures, seminars, private study): 225 (= 9 x 25)
Hours reserved to private study and other individual formative activities: 124
Hours fo: Lectures: 56 (3x8=24 General Biology + 4x8=32 Zoology)
Hours for Laboratory and field practice: 24 (12 Biologia Generale + 12 Zoologia)
Seminars (hours):
Further information
Attending laboratory actvities is strongly recommended.
Teaching tools:
Frontal lectures dedicate time to critical discussion on knowledge previously acquired. Explanations are largerly based on the use of pictures and schemes illustrating concepts and mechanisms of General Biology, animal anatomy. Several videos on living animals in their environment are also shown.
In the lab animals are observed when necessary with the aid of a optic microscopes and SEM.
Seminars on evolution and zoology may complement the course.
Type of Assessment
General Biology (Dr. Francesca Romaa Dani)
The exam is based on a written test (see DOODLE) to be passed to access to the oral test.
Zoology (Prof.ssa Rita Cervo)
An oral exam and a recognition test on the animal groups discussed throughout the course.
Course program
General concepts in Biology. Levels of organization. Structure and functions of macromolecules. Cellular organization. Membranes. Cellular cycle. Meiosis and biologic cycles. Animal reproduction: asexual and sexual reproduction; parthenogenesis. Sex Determination.
Natural selection and Evolution, micro- and macro evolution. Sexual selection. Speciation. Taxonomy and phylogeny; cladograms, cladistics.
Sistematics
Protozoa: Sarcomastigophora (flagellata –Trypanosoma cycles -, amoebas), Ciliophora (movement, nutrition, reproduction), Apicomplexa (malaria cycle). Porifera, Cnidaria (general, Idrozoa, Scifozoa and Antozoa; hints on Myxozoa), Ctenofora, Platelminta (general, Turbellaria, hints on parasites; cycles of Fasciola, Schistosoma, Tenia, Echinococcus), Acela, Nemertina. Pseudocelomata: Gastotrica, Rotifera e Nematomorfa. Nematoda, general and parasite cycles. Hints on other pseudocelomata. Mollusca (general, Gasteropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) hints on other classes.